Quintessence of Purity (Ṣafvat al-ṣafā’), by Ibn Bazzāz Ardabīlī (d. 1371).
The Safavid shahs were direct descendants of the saintly Shaykh Ṣafī al-Dīn (died 1334), whose holy tomb at Ardabil for centuries attracted pilgrims, Sufi followers, and shrine patronage. This manuscript is Shaykh Ṣafī's biography, and describes his pious life, sayings and miracles, as well as his family history. Under Shah Ṭahmāsp (r. 1524-1576), a re-worked official version underlined the Ardabil saint’s ancestry, linking his family tree directly back to the Seventh Imam, Mūsā al-Kāẓim (died 799). By extension, this information also transformed the sacred identity of the Safavid shahs themselves, confirming their holy status as sayyids, descended from the Prophet Muḥammad.
Codex, ink on paper, 380 folios, Persian text in black nasta`liq script, with red rubrics, Quintessence of Purity (Ṣafvat al-ṣafā’), composed c. 1358 by Tavakkulī ibn Ismā`īl ibn Bazzāz Ardabīlī (d. 1371), biography of Shaykh Ṣafī al-Dīn Isḥāq al-Mūsavī Ardabīlī (1252-1334), Sufi saint and ancestor of the Safavid dynasty, unsigned, Ardabil, Iran, dated Jumada II 964H, April 1557.